AUSTRALIA | The proposed merger between Chemist Warehouse and Sigma Healthcare has sparked competition concerns from the ACCC.
The ACCC has outlined preliminary competition concerns with Sigma Healthcare Limited’s proposed acquisition of Chemist Warehouse Group Holdings in a Statement of Issues published by the commission.
“This is a major structural change for the pharmacy sector, involving the largest pharmacy chain by revenue merging with a key wholesaler to thousands of independent pharmacies that in turn compete against Chemist Warehouse,” ACCC Commissioner Stephen Ridgeway said.
“We have identified a range of preliminary competition concerns, including at the retail level and as a result of the proposed integration of the merged firm across the wholesale and retail level. We want to hear from interested parties, including rival pharmacies as we continue this review.”
Sigma is one of the largest wholesalers of prescription medicines, over-the-counter products, and front-of-store products. Sigma has also provided brand and support services to community pharmacies operating as franchisees under Sigma banners such as ‘Amcal +’, ‘Discount Drug Stores’, ‘PharmaSave’, and ‘Guardian’.
Chemist Warehouse is a franchisor of pharmacies and retail stores under the brands Chemist Warehouse, MyChemist, Ultra Beauty, My Beauty Spot, and Optometrist Warehouse. It is also a wholesaler and distributor, and has provided brand and support services to its franchisee pharmacies.
“The transaction would create a merged company that is uniquely vertically integrated across multiple levels of the pharmacy supply chain. This new business model for the pharmacy sector could raise barriers to rivals expanding or entering, which may lessen competition,” Ridgeway said.
“The ACCC has heard many concerns about Chemist Warehouse's impact on the pharmacy sector. However, the ACCC is focussed only on the impacts of the acquisition on competition, rather than the pros or cons of different business models. The key issue is whether or not the proposed acquisition weakens competition in the supply of pharmaceutical products.”
The ACCC was also concerned that the proposed acquisition may harm pharmacies currently supplied by Sigma, leading to a substantial lessening of competition in pharmacy retailing. Currently, Sigma is incentivised to maximise wholesale sales, but after the transaction, the independent pharmacies it supplies will also be competitors to Chemist Warehouse.
“In particular, we are focused on how the newly merged company may have the ability and incentive to favour Chemist Warehouse stores or worsen terms to non-Chemist Warehouse banner stores, raising their costs and rendering them less competitive,” Ridgeway said.
The ACCC was also concerned that the proposed merger may enable Chemist Warehouse to access and use commercially sensitive data relating to pharmacies supplied by Sigma, which would damage competition.
“Following the acquisition, the merged company may be able to use insights from data obtained to target pharmacies that rival Chemist Warehouse or pre-empt and undermine them,” Ridgeway said.
“Currently, independent pharmacies have three main choices for wholesale supply: banner and franchise arrangements. However, given the potential data concerns and risk of competitive harm, the effective options for some pharmacies may be reduced to two.”
In addition, the ACCC was also concerned the proposed acquisition may substantially lessen competition in pharmacy retailing because it could reduce the competition Chemist Warehouse and Sigma’s banner stores impose on each other.
“This lessening of competition may lead to reduced service quality for goods and services provided in pharmacies as well as higher prices for consumers. The transaction may also weaken the competitiveness of the different products and services offered by Sigma’s banner pharmacies,” Ridgeway said.
The ACCC is also concerned that the proposed acquisition could impact upstream markets for the supply of pharmacy retail products, particularly suppliers of products that compete with Chemist Warehouse and Sigma’s own-label and private-label products.
“This concern is likely to be stronger in respect of products where suppliers have fewer paths to consumers, for example suppliers of prescription medicines and over the counter products that can only be supplied in pharmacies, and not for example, in supermarkets.”
The ACCC has not yet reached a concluded view on any of the listed issues.
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